REVIEW ONPHARMACOKINETICS OF EMPAGLIFLOZIN, AN INHIBITOR OF THE SODIUM GLUCOSE CO-TRANSPORTER-2 (SGLT-2)

Abstract

ABSTRACT

 

Empagliflozin is an inhibitor of the sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2), which is found almost exclusively in the proximal tubules of nephrotic components in the kidneys. SGLT-2 accounts for about 90 percent of glucose reabsorption into the blood. Blocking SGLT-2 reduces blood glucose by blocking glucose reabsorption in the kidney and thereby excreting glucose (i.e., blood sugar) via the urine. Sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are an optional second-line therapy after metformin; they are generally well tolerated with low risk of hypoglycemia. The various compounds differ with respect to their pharmacokinetic properties; however, their clinical efficacy appears to be similar. The clinical differences between the various compounds stem from effects other than hypoglycemic effects, their safety and side effects profile. The aim of this review was to investigate the different pharmacokinetic studies of empagliflozin in a concise way in the form of tables.