GREEN SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED FROM TECTONA GRANDIS WOOD FLOUR

Pinki Dangi; Jangir Op

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i1.28849

Authors

Pinki Dangi Department of Biotechnology, Maharaj Vinayak Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Jangir Op Department of Biotechnology, Maharaj Vinayak Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i1.28849

Keywords:

Tectona grandis, Silver nanoparticle, Green synthesis, Antibacterial, Antifungal

Abstract

Objective: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used as an antimicrobial agent. Due to the toxicity concerns related to the synthesis of the AgNPs, there is an urgent need of the novel green techniques to synthesis the AgNPs. In the light of the above, we had synthesized the AgNPs with the help of the Tectona grandis commonly known as teak wood.

Methods: The aqueous wood floor extract of the T. grandis was used as a reducing agent in the synthesis of the AgNPs. The NPs were synthesized and characterized using different techniques such as ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Dynamic light scattering (DLS), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The synthesized NPs were then evaluated for their antimicrobial efficacy against the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and antifungal activity. Further, in vitro antioxidant efficacy of the AgNPs was calculated using 2,2'-azino-bis(3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic) acid and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay.

Results: From the above analyses, the formation of spherical NPs with an average size of 100 nm was confirmed. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal biocidal concentration (MBC) of the AgNPs were calculated, MIC and MBC values ranged from 0.50 to 1.8 Î¼g/mL and 0.91 to 3.6 Î¼g/mL, respectively.

Conclusion: The prepared NPs were found to be uniform in size with smooth topography. The antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of the NPs was found to be effective on the broad spectrum of microbes. The antioxidant activity of AgNPs was comparable to ascorbic acid.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Pinki Dangi, Department of Biotechnology, Maharaj Vinayak Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Department of Biotechnology, Research Scholar

Jangir Op, Department of Biotechnology, Maharaj Vinayak Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Professor

References

Zhang HM, Zhang Y. Melatonin: A well-documented antioxidant with conditional pro-oxidant actions. J Pineal Res 2014;57:131-46.

Rahi DK, Parmar AS, Tiwari V. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from fungal root endophytes of sida acuta plant and evaluation of their antibacterial and antibiotic enhancing activity. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2014;6:160-6.

He Y, Du Z, Lv H, Jia Q, Tang Z, Zheng X, et al. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. Extract and their application in clinical ultrasound gel. Int J Nanomed 2013;8:1809-15.

Saha S, John N, Jincy V, Khanum SN, Ganesh. Biological synthesis, characterization and application of silver nano particles - A review. Int J Pharm Appl 2013;4:976-2639.

Rajendran R, Ganesan N, Balu SK, Alagar S, Thandavamoorthy P, Thiruvengadam D. Green synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles using Origanum heracleoticum L. Leaf extract. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2015;7:288-93.

Patil S, Sivaraj R, Rajiv P, Venckatesh R, Seenivasan R. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticle from leaf extract of Aegle marmelos and evaluation of its antibacterial activity. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2015;7:169-73.

Murugesan S, Bhuvaneswari S, Sivamurugan V. Green synthesis, characterization of silver nanoparticles of a marine red alga spyridia fusiformis and their antibacterial activity. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2017;9:192-7.

Kaler A, Jain S, Banerjee UC. Green and rapid synthesis of anticancerous silver nanoparticles by Saccharomyces boulardii and insight into mechanism of nanoparticle synthesis. Biomed Res Int 2013;2013:1-8.

Singh G, Babele PK, Shahi SK, Sinha RP, Tyagi MB, Kumar A. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using cell extracts of Anabaena doliolum and screening of its antibacterial and antitumor activity. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2014;24:1354-67.

Narayanan KB, Sakthivel N. Biological synthesis of metal nanoparticles by microbes. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2010;156:1-13.

Devadiga A, Vidya SM, Saidutta MB. Timber industry waste-teak (Tectona grandis Linn.) leaf extract mediated synthesis of antibacterial silver nanoparticles. Int Nano Lett 2015;5. Doi:10.1007/s40089-015- 0157-4.

Okafor F, Janen A, Kukhtareva T, Edwards V, Curley M. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles, their characterization, application and antibacterial activity. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2013;10:5221-38.

Singh K, Panghal M, Kadyan S, Chaudhary U, Yadav JP. Green silver nanoparticles of Phyllanthus amarus: As an antibacterial agent against multi drug resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Nanobiotechnol 2014;12:40.

Atta A, Al-Lohedan H, Ezzat A. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles by green method stabilized to synthetic human stomach fluid. Molecules 2014;19:6737-53.

Anbarasu A, Karnan P, Deepa N, Usha R. Carica papaya mediated green synthesized silver nanoparticles. Int J Curr Pharm Res 2010;10:15-20.

Jeevan P, Ramya K, Rena AE. Extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by culture supernatant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Indian J Biotechnol 2012;11:72-6.

Dakal TC, Kumar A, Majumdar RS, Yadav V. Mechanistic basis of antimicrobial actions of silver nanoparticles. Front Microbiol 2016;7:1831.

Vyas P, Yadav DK, Khandelwal P. Tectona grandis (teak) - A review on its phytochemical and therapeutic potential. Nat Prod Res 2018;2018:1-17.

Devadiga A, Shetty KV, Saidutta MB. Timber industry waste-teak (Tectona grandis Linn.) leaf extract mediated synthesis of antibacterial silver nanoparticles. Int Nano Lett 2015;5:205-14.

Reineke LH. Lester H 1900-, (U.S.) FPL. Wood Flour; 1961.

CLSI. M07-A10 Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically; Approved Standard. 10th ed. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2015.

CLSI. M27-A3 Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Yeasts; Approved Standard. 3rd ed. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2008.

CLSI. M38-A2 Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous Fungi; Approved Standard. 2nd ed. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2008.

Elshikh M, Ahmed S, Funston S, Dunlop P, McGaw M, Marchant R, et al. Resazurin-based 96-well plate microdilution method for the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration of biosurfactants. Biotechnol Lett 2016;38:1015-9.

Tye KY, Gan SY, Lim SH, Tan SE, Chen CA, Phang SM. Comparison of visual observation and emission intensity of resazurin for antimicrobial properties of hexane, dichloromethane, methanol and water extracts from a brown alga, Turbinaria ornata. Cogent Biol 2016;2. Doi:10.108 0/23312025.2016.1225877.

Kumar A, Selvan TG, Tripathi AM, Choudhary S, Khan S, Adhikari JS, et al. Sesamol attenuates genotoxicity in bone marrow cells of whole-body Î³-irradiated mice. Mutagenesis 2015;30:651-61.

Kumar A, Choudhary S, Adhikari JS, Chaudhury NK. Sesamol ameliorates radiation induced DNA damage in hematopoietic system of whole body Î³-irradiated mice. Environ Mol Mutagen 2017. Doi:10.1002/em.22118.

Alok A, Adhikari JS, Chaudhury NK. Radioprotective role of clinical drug diclofenac sodium. Mutat Res 2013;755:156-62.

Mishra K, Ojha H, Chaudhury NK. Estimation of antiradical properties of antioxidants using DPPH-assay: A critical review and results. Food Chem 2012;130:1036-43.

Zhang XF, Liu ZG, Shen W, Gurunathan S. Silver nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, properties, applications, and therapeutic approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2016;17. Doi:10.3390/ijms17091534.