A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON RISK FACTORS AND MANAGEMENT OF STROKE AT A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i6.24983Keywords:
Ischemic stroke, Transient ischemic attack, Intracerebral hemorrhage, Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Hypertension, AlcoholismAbstract
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of stroke and its management with various risk factors, i.e. non-modifiable and modifiable at a tertiary care teaching hospital.
Methods: It is a prospective and observational study conducted over a period of six months including established cases of stroke. The study was carried out in100 patients to evaluate risk factors and management of stroke. The data obtained with the designed data collection form were analyzed using Odds ratio and Chi-Square test.
Results: Ischemic stroke accounted for 70% of cases followed by Intracerebral Hemorrhage (20%) Subarachnoid hemorrhage (5%) and Transient Ischemic Attack (5%). Out of 100 patients, there were 74 male and 26 female patients, indicating males at higher risk. Majority of patients were between the age group 41-60 y. based on the Odds ratio hypertensive and alcoholics were more prone to stroke occurrence and recurrence. Chi-Square test performed for age and gender was not significant at significance level P<0.05.
Conclusion: In this study, ischemic stroke was most prevalent. Hypertension was the major risk factor indicating strong evidence of stroke occurrence and recurrence. The factors having the major implication in the development of stroke were Hypertension, Alcoholism, Smoking, Diabetes Mellitus, Epilepsy, Coronary Artery Disease, Tobacco, and others. Proper management includes non-pharmacological (physiotherapy) along with pharmacological treatment (Osmotic diuretics were most commonly prescribed followed by hypolipidemics, cognition enhancers, anticoagulants, dual antihypertensive therapy).
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